╨╧рб▒с>■  68■   5                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                ье┴7 Ё┐,bjbjUU "(7|7|,      lиииииии╝рррр ь,╝╒Є$$$$$$$$TVVVVVV$╟ чXzи$$$$$zbии$$Пbbb$Ми$и$Tb$TbЄbTииT$ аЫ+╢├є─╝$р░TTе0╒T?░▓?Tb╝╝ииии┘ Analizatorii -au rol de a integra organismul in mediul de viata -preiau informatiile le transmit la centrii nervosa -realiz inegrarea acestora in fc de stimulii primiti din mediul ext/int -au 3 seg : a) receptor / b)intermediary/de conducere / c)central Analizatorul Cutanat (pielea) Straturi : Epiderma Ц tesut epitelial stratificat Derma(tes conjunct dens) Hipoderma Tes conjlax Segmentii -receptoriа: terminatii nerv corpusculi Meissner discurile Merkel(corpuniculiа: Ruffini Pacini) -intermedа: de conducereа: caile sensibilit specif -centralа: zona proiectie sensib specif Analizatorul Olfactiv Stimuliа: subst odorante dizolvate in mucoasa olfactiva Segmentii -periferic : celulele recept olfactive reprez de neuronii bipolari -intermedа: protoneuron(neur bipolari)/axonii neuronil bipolari formeaza nervii olfactivi care fac sinapsa cu deutoneuronul caii olfactiv in bulb axonii deuto-neuronilor conduc info spre cortex -central girul hipoconti(а?) Analizatorul Gustativ Stimuliа: subst sapide dizolvate in mucoasa bucala Segmentii: -periferic : papile gustative (gruparea mugurilor gustat cellule recept gustative Ц cellule de sustinere) -conducereа: protoneuronul Ц localiz in ganglionii nervilor cranieni VII IX X deutoneuronul Ц localiz in nucleul solitar din trunchi cereb al treilea neuron localiz in thalamus. -central : partea inferioara a girului post central Analizatorul Vizual Comp glob ocular : 3 tunici (ext/mij/int) Ext : prez schelotica(?),albul ochiului,cornea transp Mij:coroida,corp cilial form din procese ciliale muschi ciliali, iris care prez pupile Intа:retina incare se gasesc celulele cu conuri si bastonas -celule bastonaseа: in ved noct si crepusculara(pigRodoxima) -celule conuriа: in ved diurna (pigIodoxima) Retinaа: 2 zoneа: papila optica(nervul optic paraseste retina) Pata galbena(maculalutea prez foveea cetralis) Mediile transpа: corneea transp/marea apoasa/lentila biconvexa cristalinul/corpul vitros(а?) Ochi normal = emetrop Ochi (a)normalа( ametrop(img nu se form p retina) Miopieа: img se form inaint retinei(lentile biconcare-) Formarea Imaginii Irisul dozeaza cantit de lumina si det mics si marirea pupilei -mediile transp Ц retina (se form img mai mica si rasturnata) -razele lumin sufera 3 refractiiа:interfata(aer-corneeatransp) fata anterioara a cristalin. fata posterioara a cristalin Baza fotochimica a vederiiа: -razele lumin strabat mediile transp->retina->celulele->rodoxima ->iodopsina->se descomp->apar potentialeactiune->det influx nerv ->centrii nerv->prelucr info->redau rasp(imag) Acomodarea se realiz de la lumina la intuneric in 4-5min(total30min) -------------invers-----------------------5minute Segmentiiа: -perifericа:-retina->celulele -conducereа:-protoneuronul(Ineuron)/neuronii bipolari -deutoneuron(II)/neuronii multipolari/axonii -neuronon multipolari(fac sinapsa in coliculi -cvadrigemeni superiori -IIIneuron-corpi geniculati cu rol viz(laterali) -centralа: localiz glob occipital Analizatorul acusctico-vestibular Urecheа: -externaа: pavilion si conducte auditiv extern -medieа:timpanаsi lant de asociere(ciocanel/nicovala/scarita) -internaа:labirintul osos->perilimfa si labirint membranos endolimfa Segmentiiа: -perifericа: organul Corti Ц celule receptoare prevaz cu cili celule sustinatoare -de conducereа: protoneuronul Ц loc in ganglionul spiral cortic deutoneuronul-nuclei pontini/axonul trimit colaterale catre coliculi cvadrigemeni inferiori al 3lea neuron-corpii geniculati/mediali cu rol in auz -cenrtalа: lobul temporal Segmentii analiz vestibular -periferic Ц organul lui Scarpa -conducere Ц protoneuron Ц ganglionul Scarpa -deutoneuronul-nucleii bulbari/axonii trimit colaterale catre cerebel,scoarata cereb, nerv crani III IV VI -al 3lea neuron Ц talamus -central Ц se presupune ca e localiz in lobul temporal Mecanizmul Auzului Unde sonore ->pavilion->conductul auditiv extern->timpan-> lantul de oscioare->fereastra ovala->perilimfei->endolimfei-> cel receptoare isi indoaie cili se genereaza potentiale de act care sunt transf in cel nerv->cale de conducere la centrii de auz ->senzatii de auz Mecanizmul Echilibrului Stimuliа: misc poz capului/corpului Rasp nu sunt date sub forma de senzatii ci sub forma de reflexe statochinetice Analizatorul Motor(Kinestezic) Segmentii -periferic(receptor) (1)corpusculi Vater-Pacini /(2)fusurile neuromusculare/ /(3)organe tendiloase Golgi (2)-sunt formate din fibre musculare striate invelite intr-o capsula conjunctiva -prez o portiune centrala necontractila(а?)si 2 extremitati contactile(а?)а;sunt raspandite printre fibrele musculare striate -de conducere fibre senzitive ale nerv spinali / fasciculele Goll si Burdach si ----------spinocerebeloase -centralа: lobii temporali si parietali v'SВМH^Ца├┘ PБo Г У н ▒ у ц  : ? т ъ k { , 5 e w ╘ ё .:;Xп╤┘╩╓и─ReqЙ¤&;,№ўїєўэўїєўїєўїєєєўэўэўэўхўэў▌ўэўэ┘ў╙эўэўєў▌ў▌ўїєў 5БmH sH 5Б6Б6Б>*mH sH  jJЁmH sH  6БmH sH 6Б5БmH sH 5Б>*=Bv╛+SlВМй╜ьGH^Цау#duе┬├¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤,¤├┘ PБ╜╨ 4 h i j k l m n o Г н у  : v ┤ т ! k к у ¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤у · , d e w ╢ Ї 3 Г ╘ ё 2sвч.:XО╧=Гежзийꤤ¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤клмноп╤┌ HГ╩╓TФф=Ои─ф]┤эReत¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤а▐_qЙнэ№¤&;sП╠р^l░+,¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤ 1Рh░╨/ ░р=!░"░#Ра$Ра%░ i8@ё 8 NormalCJ_HaJmH sH tH <A@Є б< Default Paragraph Font,(    п ╤ ┌ H Г ╩ ╓ TФф=Ои─ф]┤эReа▐_qЙнэ№¤&;sП╠р^l░+.ЬААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААШ0ААЪ0АА, ├у ка,, #$.28<ACIJVfmnuw}~ЗИРФЦЪвгкп╡║╜─╟ъє '+36;<EFQSX]efjluzБВЛНЦЩгдий│╜╞╟═╬┘▄уфъэї√  /89?@FHTU]hmnvwАДЛМХЦЯбкн╡╢╝╟═╤┘┌тфья·√  "#+,23<FMNPQ^_cdlu{|МНУЩЭо│┤╜├╧╨╪ушщяЁ∙¤  !$*6>?HIOX^vВЛОЫЮей│┤╝╜┼╨▌рчыЄє·  &?EFPSZo{|ВШЮдл│╖╕┬╞╦╠█▄туєЇ·  ".239?EFLPVW_`bcimux~ИОСТЦЪжз▓╢╝╜├╔╠═╙╒ртшЇ·√ <@AHITUYZ`aikrsy|ГДКЛРСЧШЯай┼╨╤╫╪▐учё°·■ !$*,258<@AGHOPWXaemnvw}~ЕЖМРЦЪЭЮвжно╡╖╛┐┼╚╬╙╫╪█шЄї√№      1 f j k u x Б ╢ ║ ╗ ╞ ╔ ╥ ╘ ╪ ┘ ф ч ю Є ° ∙ ■           ' ) 1 4 = B I K O P a c f n r u | } Б Г К С Ц Ч Ы Ь а в м ░ ╢ ╜ ├ ╟ ╨  . 7 ; D O W Y b e r s z | Д Е Н г о │ ╗ ╝ ╟ ╚ ╬ ф ь э ° ¤    & 2 3 < S b c m n p q t u x y Б О Х Ц Ъ п ╗ ╝ ╨ ╤ ╫ █ т х э Є · √       $ , - 5 6 > ? 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